Mai tono ƙasainjin gini ne mai amfani da yawa wanda galibi yana yin haƙa ƙasa da lodawa, da kuma daidaita ƙasa, gyaran gangara, ɗagawa, niƙawa, rushewa, rami da sauran ayyuka. Saboda haka, ana amfani da shi sosai a gina hanyoyi kamar manyan hanyoyi da layin dogo, gina gadoji, gina birane, filayen jirgin sama, tashoshin jiragen ruwa da kuma gina ma'ajiyar ruwa. Don haka yadda ake zaɓar injin haƙa ƙasa wanda ya dace da aikinku da kuma zaɓar injin haƙa ƙasa mai inganci za a iya tantance shi daga manyan abubuwan da ke tafe.
1. Nauyin aiki:
Ɗaya daga cikin manyan sigogi uku na injin haƙa rami, yana nufin jimlar nauyin injin haƙa rami tare da na'urorin aiki na yau da kullun, direba da cikakken mai. Nauyin aiki yana ƙayyade matakin injin haƙa rami kuma yana ƙayyade iyakar sama na ƙarfin haƙa ramin.
2. Ƙarfin injin:
Ɗaya daga cikin manyan sigogi uku na injin haƙa rami, an raba shi zuwa babban iko da ƙarfin net, wanda ke ƙayyade aikin wutar lantarki na injin haƙa rami.
(1) Jimlar ƙarfin lantarki (SAE J1995) yana nufin ƙarfin fitarwa da aka auna akan ƙafafun injin ba tare da kayan haɗi masu cinye wutar lantarki kamar su murfi, fanka, masu canzawa da matatun iska ba. (2) Ƙarfin lantarki mai ƙarfi: 1) yana nufin ƙarfin fitarwa da aka auna akan ƙafafun injin lokacin da aka sanya duk kayan haɗi masu cinye wutar lantarki kamar murfi, fanka, janareta da matatun iska. 2) yana nufin ƙarfin fitarwa da aka auna akan ƙafafun injin lokacin da aka shigar da kayan haɗi masu cinye wutar lantarki da ake buƙata don aikin injin, gabaɗaya fanka.
3. Ikon bokiti:
Ɗaya daga cikin manyan sigogi uku na injin haƙa rami, yana nufin girman kayan da bokitin zai iya ɗauka. Ana iya sanya bokiti masu girma dabam-dabam gwargwadon yawan kayan. Zaɓin ƙarfin bokiti mai kyau yana ɗaya daga cikin mahimman hanyoyin inganta ingancin aiki da rage amfani da makamashi.
Galibi ana raba girman bokiti zuwa girman bokiti mai tarin yawa da kuma girman bokiti mai lebur. Ikon bokiti mai yawan daidaitawa da ake amfani da shi wajen haƙa bokiti shine girman bokiti mai tarin yawa. Ikon bokiti mai tarin yawa yana da nau'i biyu bisa ga kusurwar hutawa ta halitta: girman bokiti mai tarin yawa 1:1 da kuma girman bokiti mai tarin yawa 1:2.
4. Ƙarfin tonowa
Ya haɗa da ƙarfin haƙa hannun haƙa da ƙarfin haƙa na bokiti. Ƙarfin haƙa biyu suna da iko daban-daban. Ƙarfin haƙa hannun haƙa ya fito ne daga silinda hannun haƙa, yayin da ƙarfin haƙa na bokiti ya fito ne daga silinda bokiti.
Dangane da fannoni daban-daban na aikin ƙarfin haƙa, ana iya raba hanyoyin lissafi da aunawa na mai haƙa rami zuwa rukuni biyu:
(1) Ma'aunin ISO: Wurin aiki yana gefen ruwan bokiti.
(2) SAE, PCSA, GB misali: Wurin aiki yana kan ƙarshen haƙorin bokiti.
5. Yanayin aiki
Yana nufin yankin ciki na layin da ke haɗa wuraren matsayi mai tsauri da ƙarshen haƙorin bokiti zai iya kaiwa lokacin da mai haƙorin ba ya juyawa. Masu haƙowa galibi suna amfani da zane-zane don bayyana yanayin aiki a sarari. Yawancin lokaci ana bayyana kewayon aikin mai haƙoran ta hanyar sigogi kamar matsakaicin radius na haƙori, zurfin haƙori, da matsakaicin tsayin haƙori.
6. Girman sufuri
Yana nufin girman waje na injin haƙa rami a yanayin sufuri. Yanayin sufuri gabaɗaya yana nufin injin haƙa rami da aka ajiye a ƙasa mai faɗi, jiragen tsakiya na tsayi na sama da ƙasan jikin suna layi ɗaya da juna, silinda na bokiti da silinda na hannun haƙa rami suna faɗaɗa zuwa tsayin da ya fi tsayi, ana sauke bul ɗin har sai na'urar aiki ta taɓa ƙasa, kuma duk sassan da za a iya buɗewa suna cikin yanayin rufe na injin haƙa rami.
7. Saurin kashewa da ƙarfin juyi
(1) Saurin yin slawing yana nufin matsakaicin matsakaicin gudu da mai haƙa rami zai iya samu lokacin da yake juyawa daidai lokacin da aka sauke shi. Saurin yin slawing mai alama ba ya nufin saurin slawing yayin farawa ko birki. Ga yanayin haƙa rami gabaɗaya, lokacin da mai haƙa rami ke aiki a cikin kewayon 0° zuwa 180°, injin slawing yana sauri kuma yana raguwa. Lokacin da yake juyawa zuwa kewayon 270° zuwa 360°, saurin slawing yana kaiwa ga daidaito.
(2) Ƙarfin juyawa yana nufin matsakaicin ƙarfin juyawa da tsarin rage gudu na mai haƙa rami zai iya samarwa. Girman ƙarfin juyawa yana ƙayyade ikon mai haƙa ramin don hanzarta da birki, kuma muhimmin alama ne don auna aikin rage gudu na mai haƙa ramin.
8. Gudun tafiya da jan hankali
Ga masu haƙa rami, lokacin tafiya ya kai kusan kashi 10% na jimlar lokacin aiki. Gabaɗaya, masu haƙa rami suna da kayan tafiya guda biyu: babban gudu da ƙarancin gudu. Saurin gudu biyu zai iya dacewa da aikin hawan dutse da kuma tafiya a ƙasa mai faɗi.
(1) Ƙarfin jan hankali yana nufin ƙarfin jan hankali da ake samu lokacin da mai haƙa ramin yana tafiya a kan ƙasa mai kwance. Manyan abubuwan da ke tasiri sun haɗa da canjin gear mai ƙarancin gudu na injin tafiya, matsin lamba na aiki, diamita na ɗaga ƙafafun tuƙi, nauyin injin, da sauransu. Masu haƙa rami gabaɗaya suna da babban ƙarfin jan hankali, wanda gabaɗaya ya ninka nauyin injin sau 0.7 zuwa 0.85.
(2) Saurin tafiya yana nufin matsakaicin saurin tafiya na mai haƙa rami lokacin tafiya a ƙasa mai kyau. Saurin tafiya na masu haƙa ramin hydraulic mai rarrafe gabaɗaya bai wuce kilomita 6/h ba. Masu haƙa ramin hydraulic mai rarrafe ba su dace da tafiya mai nisa ba. Saurin tafiya da ƙarfin jan hankali suna nuna ikon motsawa da ikon tafiya na mai haƙa ramin.
9. Ikon hawa
Ikon hawa na mai haƙa rami yana nufin ikon hawa, sauka, ko tsayawa a kan gangaren da ke da ƙarfi, mai faɗi. Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu don bayyana shi: kusurwa da kashi: (1) Kusurwar hawa θ gabaɗaya 35° ce. (2) Teburin kashi tanθ = b/a, gabaɗaya 70%. Ma'aunin kwamfutoci gabaɗaya 30° ko 58%.
10. Ƙarfin ɗagawa
Ƙarfin ɗagawa yana nufin ƙaramin ƙarfin ɗagawa mai karko da kuma ƙarfin ɗagawa mai ƙarfin hydraulic.
(1) Ƙarfin ɗagawa mai ƙarfi da aka ƙima 75% na nauyin tip.
(2) Ƙarfin ɗagawa na hydraulic mai ƙima 87% na ƙarfin ɗagawa na hydraulic.
Dangane da bayanin da ke sama, zaku iya tantance wane injin haƙa rami ne mafi kyawun zaɓi dangane da yanayin aikin injiniya da sigogin fasaha na kayan aiki.
Shahararrun masana'antun kasar Sin sun hada daXCMG \SANY\ZOOMLION\LIUGONG \LONKING \ da sauran ƙwararrun masana'antun. Kuna iya tuntubar mu don mafi kyawun farashi!
Lokacin Saƙo: Oktoba-25-2024
